/* jacksonkwok.com — editorial style (Draft A): white paper, black ink, red accent, Newsreader + Public Sans */
:root {
  --ink: #111111;
  --ink-2: #2a2a2a;
  --muted: #555555;
  --rule: #dddddd;
  --paper: #ffffff;
  --tint: #f5f5f3;
  --accent: #b0102a;
  --accent-btn: #c8102e;
  --ph: #e4e7eb;
  --serif: "Newsreader", Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;
  --sans: "Public Sans", system-ui, -apple-system, "Segoe UI", sans-serif;
  --gutter: clamp(16px, 4vw, 40px);
}
* { box-sizing: border-box; }
html { -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%; }
body { margin: 0; background: var(--paper); color: var(--ink); font-family: var(--sans); line-height: 1.5; }
a { color: inherit; text-decoration: none; }
a:hover { color: var(--accent); }
a:focus-visible, button:focus-visible, input:focus-visible, textarea:focus-visible, select:focus-visible { outline: 2px solid var(--accent); outline-offset: 2px; }
img { max-width: 100%; display: block; }
.wrap { max-width: 1240px; margin: 0 auto; padding-left: var(--gutter); padding-right: var(--gutter); }
.narrow { max-width: 820px; }
.sr-only { position: absolute; width: 1px; height: 1px; overflow: hidden; clip: rect(0 0 0 0); white-space: nowrap; }
.skip-link { position: absolute; left: -9999px; top: 8px; background: var(--ink); color: #fff; padding: 10px 14px; z-index: 10; }
.skip-link:focus { left: 8px; color: #fff; }

/* ---------- site header ---------- */
.site-header { border-bottom: 3px double var(--ink); }
.site-header .bar { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; gap: 6px 28px; padding-top: 18px; padding-bottom: 14px; }
.brand { font-family: var(--serif); font-weight: 700; font-size: 30px; letter-spacing: -.01em; line-height: 1.1; }
.brand:hover { color: var(--ink); }
.nav ul { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 0 24px; }
.nav a { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; min-height: 44px; font-size: 13px; font-weight: 600; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .08em; }
.nav a[aria-current="page"] { color: var(--accent); }

/* ---------- buttons ---------- */
.btn { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; min-height: 48px; padding: 0 22px; border: 1.5px solid var(--ink); font-weight: 700; font-size: 15px; background: #fff; color: var(--ink); cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; }
.btn:hover { background: var(--ink); color: #fff; }
.btn.primary { background: var(--accent-btn); border-color: var(--accent-btn); color: #fff; }
.btn.primary:hover { background: #9c0d24; border-color: #9c0d24; color: #fff; }
.btn-row { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 12px; }
.link-arrow { font-weight: 700; color: var(--accent); }
.link-arrow:hover { text-decoration: underline; }

/* ---------- homepage ---------- */
.hero { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 40px 56px; align-items: flex-start; padding-top: 56px; padding-bottom: 56px; }
.hero-text { flex: 999 1 560px; min-width: 0; display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 18px; }
.hero h1 { margin: 0; font-family: var(--serif); font-weight: 700; font-size: clamp(54px, 8vw, 104px); line-height: .95; letter-spacing: -.02em; }
.hero-sub { margin: 0; font-family: var(--serif); font-style: italic; font-size: clamp(20px, 2.4vw, 26px); color: #333; }
.hero .lede { margin: 6px 0 8px; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 21px; line-height: 1.6; color: var(--ink-2); max-width: 680px; }
.profile-card { flex: 1 1 300px; min-width: 0; border: 1px solid var(--ink); padding: 26px 26px 22px; display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 14px; }
.profile-card h2 { margin: 0; font-size: 12px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .2em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.profile-card ul { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; display: flex; flex-direction: column; }
.profile-card li { padding: 12px 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--rule); font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.35; }
.profile-card li span { display: block; font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 12px; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: .1em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--muted); margin-bottom: 2px; }

.section { padding-top: 48px; padding-bottom: 48px; border-top: 1px solid var(--ink); }
.section-head { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; align-items: baseline; justify-content: space-between; gap: 8px 24px; margin-bottom: 22px; }
.section h2.big, .section-head h2 { margin: 0; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(30px, 3.6vw, 42px); line-height: 1.1; }
.section .intro { margin: 0 0 24px; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 20px; line-height: 1.6; color: var(--ink-2); max-width: 760px; }
.two-col { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 40px 56px; }
.two-col > * { flex: 1 1 360px; min-width: 0; }
.themes { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; display: flex; flex-direction: column; }
.themes li { padding: 16px 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--rule); }
.themes li:first-child { border-top: 0; padding-top: 0; }
.themes strong { display: block; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 22px; margin-bottom: 4px; }
.themes p { margin: 0; color: #333; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.6; }
.eyebrow { font-size: 12px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .16em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--accent); }

.insight-card { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 10px; padding: 28px; background: var(--tint); max-width: 1160px; }
.insight-card.has-img { flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 24px 32px; align-items: center; padding: 0; }
.insight-img { flex: 1 1 380px; min-width: 0; display: block; }
.insight-img img { width: 100%; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 1200 / 630; border: 1px solid var(--rule); background: #fff; }
.insight-body { flex: 1 1 380px; min-width: 0; display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 10px; padding: 24px 28px 28px 0; }
@media (max-width: 860px) { .insight-body { padding: 0 22px 24px; } }
.insight-card h3 { margin: 0; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(26px, 3vw, 34px); line-height: 1.15; }
.insight-card p { margin: 0; font-size: 17px; line-height: 1.6; color: #333; }
.insight-card .meta-line { font-size: 13px; color: var(--muted); }

.dd-preview { list-style: none; margin: 0 0 24px; padding: 0; display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(260px, 1fr)); gap: 0 32px; }
.dd-preview li { padding: 16px 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--rule); display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 6px; }
.dd-preview .t { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 20px; line-height: 1.3; font-weight: 600; }
.dd-preview .s { font-size: 13px; color: var(--muted); }
.dd-date { font-size: 13px; color: var(--muted); margin: 0 0 14px; }
.grid.dd-cards { grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(230px, 1fr)); gap: 28px; margin-bottom: 28px; }
.dd-cards h3 { font-size: 20px; }
.dd-cards article { gap: 10px; }

/* ---------- The Daily Drive ---------- */
.dd-mast { text-align: center; padding-top: 40px; padding-bottom: 22px; display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: center; gap: 10px; }
.dd-mast .kicker { font-size: 13px; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: .24em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.dd-mast h1, .dd-mast .title { margin: 0; font-family: var(--serif); font-weight: 700; font-size: clamp(48px, 8vw, 96px); line-height: .95; letter-spacing: -.02em; }
.dd-mast .tagline { margin: 0; font-family: var(--serif); font-style: italic; font-size: 20px; color: #333; }
.dd-status { font-size: 13px; color: var(--muted); margin: 4px 0 0; }
.dot { width: 8px; height: 8px; border-radius: 50%; background: var(--accent); display: inline-block; margin-right: 8px; vertical-align: 1px; }
.topics { border-top: 1px solid var(--ink); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ink); }
.topics ul { list-style: none; margin: 0 auto; padding: 0 var(--gutter); max-width: 1240px; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; justify-content: center; gap: 0 22px; }
.topics a { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; min-height: 44px; font-size: 13px; font-weight: 600; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .08em; }
.topics a[aria-current="page"] { color: var(--accent); }

.edition-bar { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; gap: 12px; padding-top: 22px; }
.edition-bar h2 { margin: 0; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 22px; font-weight: 600; }
.edition-bar .pager { display: flex; gap: 8px; }
.pager a, .pager span { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; min-height: 44px; padding: 0 14px; border: 1px solid var(--ink); font-size: 14px; }
.pager span { border-color: var(--rule); color: #8a8a8a; }

main.wrap { padding-top: 28px; padding-bottom: 56px; display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 40px; }

.ph { background: var(--ph); display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; color: #4a4a4a; overflow: hidden; position: relative; }
.ph img { width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; }
.ph svg { width: 48px; height: 48px; }
.ratio-169 { aspect-ratio: 16 / 9; }
.ratio-32 { aspect-ratio: 3 / 2; }
.figure { position: relative; }
.credit { position: absolute; right: 0; bottom: 0; max-width: 100%; font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.3; color: #fff; background: rgba(17,17,17,.72); padding: 3px 8px; pointer-events: none; }

.tag { font-size: 11px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .14em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--accent); }
.tag a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
.meta { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center; gap: 6px 18px; font-size: 13px; color: var(--muted); }
.meta .go { font-weight: 700; color: var(--accent); min-height: 44px; display: inline-flex; align-items: center; }

.top { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 40px; }
.lead { flex: 999 1 620px; min-width: 0; display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 14px; }
.lead h2, .lead h3 { margin: 0; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(30px, 3.6vw, 46px); line-height: 1.08; font-weight: 700; }
.lead p { margin: 0; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 20px; line-height: 1.5; color: var(--ink-2); }
.side { flex: 0 1 320px; min-width: 0; display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 24px; border-left: 1px solid var(--rule); padding-left: 28px; }
.side article { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 10px; padding-bottom: 22px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule); }
.side article:last-child { border-bottom: 0; padding-bottom: 0; }
.side h3 { margin: 0; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 21px; line-height: 1.2; font-weight: 600; }
.side p { margin: 0; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.55; color: #333; display: -webkit-box; -webkit-line-clamp: 3; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; overflow: hidden; }
.side .ph.ratio-32 { aspect-ratio: 16 / 9; }
/* Lead photo grows to fill any extra height so both columns end together (no empty gap) */
.lead > div:first-child { flex: 1 0 auto; display: flex; flex-direction: column; }
.lead > div:first-child .ph { flex: 1 0 auto; }
@media (max-width: 1040px) { .side { flex: 1 1 100%; border-left: 0; padding-left: 0; } .lead > div:first-child, .lead > div:first-child .ph { flex: 0 0 auto; } }

.rule-head { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 16px; }
.rule-head h2 { margin: 0; font-size: 13px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .2em; text-transform: uppercase; white-space: nowrap; }
.rule-head::after { content: ""; flex: 1; height: 1px; background: var(--ink); }

.grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(280px, 1fr)); gap: 36px; }
.grid article { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 12px; }
.grid h3 { margin: 0; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 24px; line-height: 1.2; font-weight: 600; }
.grid p { margin: 0; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.6; color: #333; flex: 1; }

.chips { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 10px; }
.chips a { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; min-height: 44px; border: 1px solid var(--ink); padding: 0 16px; font-size: 14px; }
.chips a.more { border: 0; font-weight: 700; color: var(--accent); }
.archive-list { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--ink); }
.archive-list li { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule); }
.archive-list a { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 6px 24px; padding: 18px 0; align-items: baseline; }
.archive-list .d { font-weight: 700; min-width: 270px; }
.archive-list .t { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 20px; flex: 1 1 320px; }
.archive-list .n { font-size: 13px; color: var(--muted); }

.notice { padding: 40px 0; text-align: center; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 22px; color: var(--muted); }
.notice a { color: var(--accent); }
.skeleton { background: linear-gradient(90deg, #eee, #f6f6f6, #eee); background-size: 200% 100%; animation: sk 1.2s infinite linear; }
@keyframes sk { to { background-position: -200% 0; } }
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) { .skeleton { animation: none; } }
.fine { font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.6; color: var(--muted); max-width: 760px; margin: 0; }
.fine a { color: var(--accent); text-decoration: underline; }

/* ---------- prose: About, Insights, articles ---------- */
.page-head { padding-top: 48px; }
.prose { max-width: 720px; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 20px; line-height: 1.7; color: var(--ink-2); }
.prose h1 { font-size: clamp(38px, 5vw, 58px); line-height: 1.05; margin: 0 0 18px; color: var(--ink); letter-spacing: -.01em; }
.prose h2 { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 28px; line-height: 1.2; margin: 40px 0 10px; color: var(--ink); }
.prose h2.label { font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 13px; letter-spacing: .2em; text-transform: uppercase; margin: 40px 0 8px; }
.prose p { margin: 0 0 18px; }
.prose a { color: var(--accent); text-decoration: underline; text-underline-offset: 3px; }
.prose .standfirst { font-size: 23px; line-height: 1.55; color: var(--ink); }
.byline { font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 14px; color: var(--muted); margin: 0 0 28px; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 4px 14px; }
.byline a { color: var(--ink); font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; }
.callout { background: var(--tint); padding: 22px 26px; margin: 28px 0; font-size: 18px; }
.callout p:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }
.author-box { border-top: 1px solid var(--ink); margin-top: 40px; padding-top: 20px; font-size: 18px; }

/* ---------- forms ---------- */
.form { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 18px; max-width: 640px; }
.field { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 6px; }
.field label { font-weight: 600; font-size: 15px; }
.field input, .field textarea, .field select { font: inherit; font-size: 16px; padding: 12px 14px; border: 1.5px solid #8a8a8a; border-radius: 0; background: #fff; color: var(--ink); min-height: 48px; }
.field textarea { min-height: 180px; resize: vertical; }
.field input:focus, .field textarea:focus, .field select:focus { border-color: var(--ink); }
.field .hint { font-size: 13px; color: var(--muted); }
.field .err { font-size: 14px; color: var(--accent); font-weight: 600; min-height: 0; }
.field [aria-invalid="true"] { border-color: var(--accent); }
.hp { position: absolute; left: -9999px; width: 1px; height: 1px; overflow: hidden; }
.form-status { font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; min-height: 24px; }
.form-status.ok { color: #1d6b3a; }
.form-status.bad { color: var(--accent); }

/* ---------- footer ---------- */
footer.site { background: var(--ink); color: #f2f2f2; margin-top: 24px; }
footer.site .cols { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 40px; justify-content: space-between; padding-top: 48px; padding-bottom: 40px; }
footer.site .brand-col { flex: 1 1 320px; display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 12px; }
footer.site .brand-col strong { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 30px; }
footer.site .brand-col p { margin: 0; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.6; color: #c8c8c8; max-width: 420px; }
footer.site .links { flex: 1 1 200px; }
footer.site .links h2, footer.site form label.h { font-size: 12px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .16em; text-transform: uppercase; color: #fff; margin: 0 0 10px; display: block; }
footer.site .links ul { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
footer.site .links a { display: inline-flex; min-height: 36px; align-items: center; font-size: 15px; color: #e6e6e6; }
footer.site .links a:hover { color: #fff; text-decoration: underline; }
footer.site form { flex: 1 1 320px; display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 10px; }
footer.site .row { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 8px; }
footer.site input { flex: 1 1 200px; min-height: 46px; padding: 0 14px; border: 1px solid #f2f2f2; background: var(--ink); color: #f2f2f2; font: inherit; font-size: 15px; border-radius: 0; }
footer.site input::placeholder { color: #a8a8a8; }
footer.site button { min-height: 46px; padding: 0 22px; border: 0; background: var(--accent-btn); color: #fff; font: inherit; font-weight: 700; cursor: pointer; }
footer.site button:disabled { opacity: .6; cursor: default; }
footer.site .msg { font-size: 14px; color: #e6e6e6; min-height: 20px; }
footer.site .legal { border-top: 1px solid #333; }
footer.site .legal .wrap { padding-top: 16px; padding-bottom: 16px; font-size: 12px; color: #b0b0b0; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; justify-content: space-between; gap: 8px; }

@media (max-width: 720px) {
  .site-header .bar { flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-start; gap: 4px; }
  .nav ul { gap: 0 16px; }
  .hero { padding-top: 36px; padding-bottom: 36px; }
  .prose { font-size: 19px; }
}

/* ---------- homepage: Daily Drive first ---------- */
.home-mast h1 { margin: 0; display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: center; gap: 10px; }
.home-mast h1 .kicker { font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 13px; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: .24em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.home-mast h1 .title { font-family: var(--serif); font-weight: 700; font-size: clamp(48px, 8vw, 104px); line-height: .95; letter-spacing: -.02em; }
.home-news { padding-top: 6px; padding-bottom: 48px; display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 28px; }
.home-news .edition-bar { padding-top: 22px; }
.home-news .rule-head { margin-top: 12px; }
.dd-cards .meta { justify-content: flex-start; }
.hero.section { padding-top: 48px; padding-bottom: 48px; }
.hero h2.name { margin: 0; font-family: var(--serif); font-weight: 700; font-size: clamp(44px, 6vw, 76px); line-height: 1; letter-spacing: -.02em; }
.profile-card h3 { margin: 0; font-size: 12px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .2em; text-transform: uppercase; }